• Personal Science
  • Intro
  • 1 What is Personal Science?
  • 2 The Science of the Microbiome
    • 2.1 Microbes everywhere
      • 2.1.1 Microbes above and below
      • 2.1.2 Microbes around you
      • 2.1.3 Microbes within you*
      • 2.1.4 Microbes and food*
    • 2.2 Microbes and you
      • 2.2.1 The promise and disappointment of genetic testing
      • 2.2.2 Most of your DNA is not fixed
      • 2.2.3 Microbes are older than any of us
      • 2.2.4 What they want
      • 2.2.5 Who’s in charge?
      • 2.2.6 What is health?
    • 2.3 Microbes and health
      • 2.3.1 Food Allergies
      • 2.3.2 Gluten
      • 2.3.3 Obesity
      • 2.3.4 Other conditions
      • 2.3.5 Hygiene
      • 2.3.6 Diversity and health
      • 2.3.7 Microbes and behavior*
    • 2.4 Microbe technology
      • 2.4.1 The 16S rRNA Gene
      • 2.4.2 Limitations of 16S
      • 2.4.3 Limitations of collection
  • 3 My Experiments
    • 3.1 Summary of My Experiments
      • 3.1.1 Diversity
      • 3.1.2 Variability through time
    • 3.2 Kefir and the Microbiome
    • 3.3 Traveling in Mexico
    • 3.4 Traveling to China
    • 3.5 Camping
    • 3.6 Exercise and the microbiome**
    • 3.7 Do Probiotics Work?
      • 3.7.1 VSL
    • 3.8 Visiting the dentist
    • 3.9 Experiment: Gut Cleanse*
    • 3.10 Kombucha
    • 3.11 Hacking my sleep
    • 3.12 Other foods and my microbiome
    • 3.13 Diet Change
    • 3.14 Collection methods
    • 3.15 My Skin Microbiome*
      • 3.15.1 Body odor
    • 3.16 My Oral Microbiome*
    • 3.17 My Nose Microbiome
    • 3.18 Are my Dialister levels normal?
    • 3.19 Omega-3 and the microbiome**
    • 3.20 Soylent
    • 3.21 Conclusions
  • 4 Case Studies
    • 4.1 Healthy People
    • 4.2 Family members
      • 4.2.1 My sister
    • 4.3 Alzheimers and the microbiome
    • 4.4 Colorectal Cancer
    • 4.5 Ketogenic Diet
    • 4.6 Parkinson’s Disease and the Microbiome
    • 4.7 Lyme Disease
    • 4.8 Gut Issues
      • 4.8.1 CB
      • 4.8.2 NJ1
      • 4.8.3 Ed
      • 4.8.4 Celiac Patients
      • 4.8.5 SJ
      • 4.8.6 U5
      • 4.8.7 Mr. C
      • 4.8.8 FF
      • 4.8.9 High Proteobacteria
  • 5 Getting Started
    • 5.1 Raw data for your microbiome
      • 5.1.1 uBiome
      • 5.1.2 Thryve
      • 5.1.3 American Gut
      • 5.1.4 Other
  • 6 Using Personalscience.com
  • 7 Microbes to Watch
    • 7.1 Phylum
    • 7.2 Genus
    • 7.3 Species
  • 8 Go Further*
    • 8.1 Microbes and genes
    • 8.2 Beyond Bacteria
    • 8.3 Fermented Food
      • 8.3.1 Yogurt
      • 8.3.2 Pickling
      • 8.3.3 What’s happening in sauerkraut
    • 8.4 Annotated References
      • 8.4.1 Authors
    • 8.5 My favorite books about the microbiome
      • 8.5.1 Other Books Worth Having in the Pile
      • 8.5.2 Not about the microbiome
      • 8.5.3 Other
    • 8.6 Best Academic Papers
      • 8.6.1 Popular Topics
      • 8.6.2 Academic Papers
      • 8.6.3 General Overview
      • 8.6.4 Microbes and Behavior
      • 8.6.5 Historic Papers
      • 8.6.6 Self-tracking
      • 8.6.7 Diet
      • 8.6.8 Population studies
      • 8.6.9 Enterotypes
      • 8.6.10 Large population summaries
      • 8.6.11 Methods
    • 8.7 Other Resources
      • 8.7.1 Software
    • 8.8 Coming Soon
  • 9 Appendix
    • 9.1 Gut Microbiome
    • 9.2 Healthy ranges
    • 9.3 Mouth Microbiome
    • 9.4 Skin Microbiome
    • 9.5 Nose Microbiome
    • 9.6 Lab Tests Compared
      • 9.6.1 Thryve
      • 9.6.2 DayTwo
      • 9.6.3 Viome
      • 9.6.4 Gencove
  • References
  • Richard Sprague (c) 2020

Personal Science Guide to the Microbiome

Chapter 8 Go Further*

Once you’ve appreciated the importance of the microbiome and its affect on health and more, you may want to expand your knowledge beyond the scope of this book.

Here are a few interesting other microbiome-related ideas to explore

Ötzi’s microbiome has been sequenced! Yes, scientists have studied the Tyrolean Iceman, who died in an Italian alpine glacier 5300 years ago. His gut contained a strain of H. Pylori, as well as antibiotic-resistance and early pathogenic strains that were apparently common way before the dawn of civilization.134